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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Earth Liberation Army ： ウィキペディア英語版 Earth Liberation Army The Earth Liberation Army (ELA), similar to the Earth Liberation Front (ELF), is the collective name for anonymous and autonomous individuals or groups that use "economic sabotage and guerrilla warfare to stop the exploitation and destruction of the natural environment",〔(SUV Armageddon Approaching? ), ''Car Keys'', 29 August 2003.〕 commonly known as ecotage or monkeywrenching. The name was first used in Canada, in 1995, which was the first Earth liberation direct action in North America,〔''Globe and Mail'', Toronto, 12 July 1995.〕〔Best, Steven and Best & Nocella. ''Igniting a Revolution: Voices in Defense of the Earth'', Lantern Books, 2006, p. 55.〕 three years after the ELF had been founded in England.〔Best, Steven and Best & Nocella. ''Igniting a Revolution: Voices in Defense of the Earth'', Lantern Books, 2006, p. 49.〕 The ELA is also a leaderless movement, although in contrast to the ELF, the first group did not publish any guidelines. The ELA are considered to be "eco-terrorists" by governments, and are also known to also be active in the United States (See North American Earth Liberation Front Press Office). ==Origins and philosophy== :''Further information: Earth Liberation Front, Earth liberation and Radical environmentalism'' Prior to ELF actions occurring in North America a year later,〔〔(Diary of Actions of the Earth Liberation Front 1996-2001 ), reposted by ''Portland Indymedia''.〕 the ELA were the first to pursue an ''"Earth Liberation"'' action, which happened in 1995, in Canada.〔 Because of the wave of ELF actions that was occurring across Europe, they were considered by the European Elves at the time to be "transatlantic cousins", because of the similarity in tactics. The first action was on 19 June 1995, when individuals claiming to be part of the ELA burned down a wildlife museum and damaged a hunting lodge in British Columbia.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Earth Liberation Army」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.